Definition for spasmodic torticollis

Torticollis, or wry neck, is a condition in which the head is tilted toward one side, and the chin is elevated and turned toward the opposite side.

Torticollis can be congenital or acquired. The etiology of congenital torticollis is unclear, but it is thought that birth trauma causes damage to the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck, which heals at a shorter length and causes the characteristic head position. Congenital fourth nerve palsy is a frequent cause of congenital torticollis. Sometimes a mass in the affected muscle may be noted, which is usually a contracted region of muscle and may include fibrosis (scar tissue). Such a mass may enlarge during the first month after birth. But with treatment, it is likely to disappear within the first 5 to 8 months of life. less